# Method

Data: Texas Department of Insurance open data on data.texas.gov, CSV exports downloaded 2026-09-29.
- Agency licences: https://data.texas.gov/d/3yqc-fcdt
- Individual licences: https://data.texas.gov/d/kxv3-diwf (964,833 rows)
- Agency-to-person relationships: https://data.texas.gov/d/kvqi-vsrr

Agencies: State = TX and licence type General Lines Agency or Pers Lines Prop and Cas Agency, deduplicated on NPN (14,100).

Principals: relationship types Desig-Resp-Lic-Person, Owner, Officer/Director, Member, Partner, Qualifying Active Officer, where the person appears in the individual licence file.

First licensed: the earliest issue date across a person's licences in the file. Issue dates in 1920 are a placeholder in the source and were dropped (776 people).

Agents: State = TX, licence type General Lines Agent, Pers Lines Prop and Cas Agent or Life Agent.

Cutoff: 1995-08-24, the Windows 95 release date.

Limits: the files hold active licences only, so people who left the business are absent. Licence date is a proxy for age. One principal on file does not prove there is no successor.

Iowa: idh-be.iowa.gov dataset 669, Iowa residents (iowa_resident = Y), deduplicated on NPN, by first_active_date.

Script: tools/count_tx_insurance_owners.py in the ProfessionLens repo.